Acne, or acne vulgaris, is a common skin condition characterized by various forms of rashes and inflammation on the skin. This skin condition often manifests itself in the form of comedones, pustules, papules, and cysts and can lead to acne scarring. Acne most often appears in adolescents during puberty, but it can also occur in adults.
Acne is characterized by the appearance of blackheads, often painful, on the face, back, chest, and shoulders. This disease is caused by excessive sebum production, inflammation of hair follicles, and infection. Acne can have different degrees of severity, from mild to severe, depending on the nature and number of breakouts.
Acne is diagnosed by a dermatologist who determines the degree of acne and prescribes appropriate treatment. The main symptoms of acne include the appearance of comedones, pustules, inflammatory nodules and cysts, as well as the presence of acne scars.
Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms of acne can vary depending on the severity of the disease. In mild acne, blackheads – open comedones – and whiteheads – closed comedones – may appear on the skin. Acne patients also often experience redness and inflammation of the skin, which causes discomfort and cosmetic problems.
In moderate or severe acne, in addition to comedones, pustules, papules, nodules, and cysts may appear on the skin, which are often painful to touch. These stages of acne can lead to acne scarring, leaving unpleasant marks on the skin.
Acne often causes psychological stress in patients, as changes in appearance can significantly affect their self-esteem. Therefore, it is important to visit a dermatologist in a timely manner to prescribe appropriate treatment aimed at reducing inflammation, reducing rashes, and preventing scarring.
Why does acne appear
Acne is associated with several factors, including increased sebum production, inflammation of the hair follicles, bacterial infection, and androgen levels in the body. Androgens are sex hormones that are present in both women and men and can contribute to increased sebum production, which in turn leads to acne.
Other risk factors for acne development may include hormonal imbalances, stress, unhealthy diet, and hereditary predisposition. It is important to note that the use of certain drugs, such as steroids or drugs that increase androgen levels, can also contribute to acne.
A dermatologist will diagnose and determine the cause of acne, and then prescribe appropriate therapy aimed at reducing sebum secretion, reducing inflammation, and preventing acne exacerbations.
Stages of acne
Acne has several stages that differ in the nature of the rash and the degree of inflammation. Mild acne is characterized by a small number of comedones and pustules that can cause minimal inflammation and rarely leave scars after healing.
Moderate acne involves more comedones, pustules, and papules, which are often more inflamed and can leave scars after they disappear. Severe acne is characterized by the presence of cysts and large nodules, which are usually painful and leave deep scars after healing.
A dermatologist determines the severity of acne during diagnosis and prescribes an appropriate course of treatment, as well as methods to prevent acne exacerbations. It is important to start treatment in a timely manner to avoid acne scarring and improve skin condition.
Complications of acne
Complications of acne can include acne scarring, post-traumatic pigmentation, and psychological problems associated with changes in appearance. Acne scars can remain on the skin for a long time and require special treatment to improve their appearance.
Post-traumatic pigmentation manifests itself in the form of dark spots on the skin remaining after acne healing, which can also become a cosmetic problem for patients. Psychological problems, such as low self-esteem and depression, can occur in people suffering from severe acne.
Modern acne treatment regimens are aimed not only at eliminating rashes and inflammation, but also at preventing the appearance of acne scars and treating complications such as post-traumatic pigmentation. The use of modern treatment methods allows achieving effective results while reducing acne complications.
Modern acne treatment regimens
Modern acne treatment regimens include the use of various therapeutic methods, such as topical and systemic medications, cosmetic procedures, and physiotherapy. A dermatologist chooses the optimal course of treatment, taking into account the severity of acne and the patient’s individual characteristics.
Treatment of acne may include the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, regulation of the sebaceous glands, the use of antibiotics to prevent infection, and the use of cosmetic procedures aimed at improving the skin condition. In some cases, it may be necessary to use systemic medications to achieve effective results.
Acne treatment methods are selected individually for each patient, taking into account the characteristics of their skin and the severity of the disease. It is important to complete the course of treatment to achieve a lasting result and prevent future acne exacerbations.
If you have any questions about the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of acne, ask qualified specialists. A dermatologist will answer your questions and help you determine the best treatment plan to get rid of acne and improve your skin condition.
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The doctor is a dermatovenerologist-cosmetologist. The highest category. In 1984 she graduated from Kyiv Medical Institute, Faculty of Paediatrics. From 1984 to 1997 she worked at the Kyiv Research Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. She has been specialising in dermatovenerology since 1997.